DP-2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DP-2 - Coursework Example During the next few days I would reiterate my opinion that according to the video I saw and my view the police definitely used excessive force and fired unnecessarily when the suspect was attempting to flee. It did not appear he had a weapon and at no time faced the Officers as if to threaten them. 3. I observed the police cars stop at which time the suspect was shown running away from the Officers with what appeared to be his pants in a low position, the Officer then began firing on the suspect as his back was turned and he was attempting to flee. 1. After a short chase by the police Officers the suspect appears to stop in front of a store front at which time Officer’s attempt to manually subdue him without weapons and he is resistant and continues to struggle to escape. Two officers were unable to bring him down and it looked as though he may have pointed a weapon with the position of his arms. When he continued to not stop for the Officers shots were fired at him. The suspect at one point faced his arms and hands towards the Officers as if he may have had a weapon that he intended to use, this was the look of the stance he assumed in the video, at this time shots were fired. 2. To allegations of police conduct I would have to say that it could not be immediately determined because it looked from this view that it is possible the suspect had a weapon and actually pointed towards the officers with the position and stance he took during the altercation. He also turned to face them once more with arms as though in a position that may have been going to use a weapon before he was fired upon. 3. In testifying before a grand jury my statement would be similar, from my view it was impossible to tell for certain if the suspect had a weapon and that from my view point it looked as though this was possible as he also turned towards the Officers with arms out towards them as though he may be a threat and assuming the stance of using a weapon. Officer’s initially

He Desire to Change the Subservient Role Essay Example for Free

He Desire to Change the Subservient Role Essay The Desire to Change the Subservient Role of Women in Old Chinese Society Chinese women stayed in an unequal status with men in old Chinese Society. Shen Congwen’s â€Å"Xiao Xiao† and Ding ling’s â€Å"When I Was in Xia Village† are two stories about village women’s lives during modern time in China. The stories in both of these works present an important traditional Chinese belief that it is profitable to raise geese than to raise daughter. In â€Å"Xiao Xiao†, she is a twelve-year-old girl who is married with a two-year-old husband, Chunguan, and as his caretaker in her youth. While â€Å"When I was in Xia Village† is a period when narrator spends his/her time in Xia village and make friends with a village girl Zhenzhen. She is sent to Japan to spy Japanese government after she is raped by Japanese soldiers. When she goes back village due to her disease, people look down upon her and laugh at her. Finally she runs away from Xiao Dabao’s propose and seeks for a fresh life in city. Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen have something in common that they are both independent-minded woman; also they are from village and ever desired to live in city to find new life and to have education; they live under the tradition of gender discrimination in old China. While their experiences are different, and, at the end, Zhenzhen is seeking for her new life in another place, yet we see Xiaoxiao and her husband’s family is still within traditions in their small village. In men’s world, women are like a tool which they can use to make their life good, but we see some of women have desire to change their subservient role to become independent in Chinese society. Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen are independent-minded women compared to other women at that time in Chinese society. They are not afraid of break down the present life and live in their owns. When Xiaoxiao’s grandpa and other relatives make joke on her about figuring out her should become a coed when she grows up. Then she has thinking that how coeds’ life is, â€Å"†¦she felt vague stirrings of unrest, and took to imagining herself as a ‘coed’. Would she behave like the ‘coed’ Grandfather talked about? In any case, there was nothing frightful about these ‘coeds’ and so these notions began to occupy this smile girl’s thoughts for the first time† (Shen 86). Although the author does not mention Xiaoxiao’s desire to become a coed directly in the story, I feel that Xiaoxiao wants to have a different life from her present life as a caretaker in village. She is young and hopes her life to be colorful and meaningful. After her stomach gets bigger, she wants to have a new life in city, â€Å"After a while, Xiaoxiao would finger her snakelike black braid, and, thinking of life in the city, she said: ‘Brother Motley, why don’t we go where we can be free in the city and find work there? What do you say? ’† (Shen 91). She knows if she keeps living with her husband’s family, she would go to dead. No more clearly than herself that she knows her situation is worse. If she elopes with Brother Motley, she could be same as those coeds in the school and live her own life with a normal marriage. Obviously, Xiaoxiao has her idea what her life she wants. In â€Å"When I was in Xia Village†, Zhenzhen is an independent-mind woman as well. Even though she has been raped and treated unrespectable. Zhenzhen does not care about surrounding people’s misunderstandings. For others’ sneer, she thinks she need to find another life but not surrender to marry Xiao Dabao, so she said to narrator â€Å"I feel that living among strangers and keeping busy would be better than living at home where people know me†¦ It’s better for each of us to go our own separate ways than it is to have everyone stay together in one place. I’m doing this for myself, but I’m doing it for the others â€Å" (Ding 146). Just like Xiaoxiao, Zhenzhen wants a new life in city and to start over. She hopes in a new place where not many people know her, so she could start over, â€Å"A person’s life is not just for one’s father and mother, or even for oneself. Some have called me young, inexperienced, and bad-tempered. I don’t dispute it. There are some things that I just have to keep to myself† (Ding 146). From these two stories, Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen are two women who have their own thought instead of under control of traditions. Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen have the same desire which moving from village to city. On one hand, Xiaoxiao wants to escape from her offence, on the other hand, she has desire to have sex with a real man, she cannot wait her little husband to grow up when she is twenty years old. So she cheats on her little husband â€Å"involuntarily† on surface. In addition, her husband’s families take her in but she never drops the idea to be like a coed, â€Å"One day, word spread that the coeds were back again. When Xiaoxiaoheard this, she eyes stared out unseeing, as if in a daze, her gaze fixed on the eastern horizon for some time† (Shen 93). She bent on joining the coeds on their way to the big city in search of freedom, unfortunately she is discovered. I guess Xiaoxiao does not have any ideas about having education in the city; she just has to get away from village. However, from her grandpa’s description on coed, she is interested in coed’s life and she thinks if she becomes a member of coed, she has holidays and does not need to do farm works. Zhenzhen is different. Although she is from village too, she has live in Japan many years. So she knows she goes to city because she wants a bright future and escape the sad village then to be educated in order to get a job with other communists, â€Å"What I do feel is that after I go to [Yan’an], I’ll be in a new situation. I will be in a new situation. I will be able to start life fresh† (Ding 146). Their movements illustrate that new Chinese women are changing people’s views and have sense of education is more and more important. Life in city is realistic and bright for them. Gender roles is very similar between â€Å"Xiaoxiao† and â€Å"When I Was in Xia Village†, they both present that women stand subservient role in society. Starting from Xiaoxiao’s marriage, her marriage is arranged by her uncle when she is only twelve. People at that time set this tradition because they think girl is useless because daughters will be others’ sooner or later, so it is better to send her earlier to save family’s food. To the bride’s family, accept a girl into their family is not only a way to take care of children, but also add a worker to help farming as a free labor. That’s why to be contrast with other female students in town, Xiaoxiao is adulterer. To punish Xiaoxiao’s cheating on her husband and families, Xiaoxiao is arranged to wait for her second marriage but no one come. Nevertheless, Xiaoxiao is lucky that her child turns out is a boy; she does not have to be married off after all. This tradition does not change after Xiaoxiao, then her son who is ten-year-old and have his wedding ceremony. Women in tradition could not hold any position of power. In the other story, people in Xia village are uneducated, so when Zhenzhen came back from Japan, they laughed at her and think she is dirty. Women have physical disadvantage than man, therefore, chastity becomes extremely crucial especially at that time. People in the village can not understand her grievance, this is one of the reason why Zhenzhen wants to go to [Xi’an] where most people are educated, at least not so care about her background. No matter from which aspect, Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen seems like a tool in men ruled the world. Xiaoxiao is portrayed as â€Å"object† sold from a place to another. She could not have her own happiness because she belongs to her husband’s family. Zhenzhen looks like more freedom than Xiaoxiao physically, but in fact, she is slaved by internal. Something she cannot shake off is her hatred and interiority, â€Å"†¦in a very calm voice, she said, ‘I can’t say that I hate him. I just feel now that I’m someone who’s diseased. It’s a fact that I was abused by a large number of Jap devils. I don’t remember that exact number. In any case, I’m unclean, and with such a black mark I don’t expect any good fortune to come my way†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ding 146). Zhenzhen is used to her reputation and body to help Chinese government but at the end, she could not get any sympathy. These things always happened to women, but not men. In conclusion, Xiaoxiao and Zhenzhen are two uneducated women living in old Chinese society where unbalanced gender roles and old traditions exist. They both from village and dream to move to city meanwhile they have â€Å"sins† could not be excused. Through their different experience, they have similarities that they both independent-minded to change their lives to take education in big city. The ending of stories are different that Zhenzhen’s regardless of objection enable her goes to city as she wants, but Xiaoxiao still stays in village and keeps her original life. In old Chinese society, woman is absolutely not profitable than men. So people use women like a functional object to help working or take care of family. I think women are living a hard life and very powerless in society. Even thought they want to take education to change their lives, reality makes them difficult. However, women play many different roles which cannot be ignored. The authors express their thought and show the current situation through these good works.

Custom Made Apparel and Individualized Service at Lands End

Custom Made Apparel and Individualized Service at Lands End Many company uses the website as well as outlets and catalogs as ways of selling their products directly to the customers. At the beginnings since it has founded in 1963 in Chicago, Lands Ends website offered only limited products, however by the time the site offers every Lands End products such as clothes whether they are sports or uniforms for women, men and children, luggage, overstocks, shoes and home furnishings. As of recent, the company has had success with its Custom Clothing line. The ordering process is not sophisticated through the companys web site; a customer would answer a variety of simple questions regarding his or her body type and style preferences in order to create the perfect shirt or pants. The order is processed through a sophisticated technology system, which sends the appropriate information to the respective destinations. Lands End operates on the way that tries to achieve the best services and products for the customer. As a result, customers have learned to expect a high level of service at all times; from the beginning of the order, to receiving help and advice, to speedy shipping, and further follow-up when necessary. It is increasingly becoming larger every year as well as making itself known a lot more on the internet as well. However, catalogs do and probably will for the rest of their lives continue to be the first in their marketing strategies; although it costs less when they bring customers to its file through e-commerce. Also the company is now also selling its products at Sears stores; most of their sales come from within their products being sold at Sears stores because by the fall of 2003, the company lines were to be available in all Sears full line stores. Sears Roebuck acquired Lands End in 2002 then they were bought by Kmart Holdings which is currently Sears Holdings. Key issues: It faces some challenges in increasing its marketplace; Lands End felt a growing need for enhancing and developing its marketing strategies, multi-channel marketing campaigns, and a shifting management focus from product-centric ( customization ) to customer-centric strategies. Their end goal was to increase customer loyalty with the intent of increasing revenue. So, the have some issues or challenges in maintain their competitive advantage in its industry regarding its product category and price. For example, the existing and new competitors like Amazon and Sears could threaten its brand name and position in marketplace and the appropriate use of IT to sustain its competitive of advantage in the light of up coming new technologies and trends. Analysis and Interpretation: Who are the stakeholders that should particularly involve in this case? and that have the major influence to measure the companys strengths and weakness. There are two main stakeholder groups that deal with Lands End. The customers and the investors. The customers are the people who drive all the sales through buying the apparel. They also have the greatest affect through having their feedback about the store as well as the web site. So, without the internet, the customers satisfaction would not be existing and could not be measured or investigated by the investors to manage operational aspects of marketing campaigns through achieving the alignment between business strategy and IT strategy. So, the internet acts as a major advertisement because it contains all their financial information and since the company is so successful. The criteria that categorized Lands End as a leader in marketing are quality of products, commitment to services and customization through its effective website. This can be defined as its strengths or its powerful guarantee to develop customer relationships and business communication to increase sales and market share. Website (customization-website-customer service) The web site itself is particularly easy and makes the shopping unique, interesting , easy and attractive. The web site design is organized regarding ordering online process, its exciting products because it presents variations and manufacturing a variety of similar but individualized. This is an example of a good companys position and strategic methods because it supports and maintain customer loyalty as Lands Ends senior vice president for e-commerce said customer loyalty to our custom tailored clothing has surprised me. The level of feeling that customers have is amazing. This is particularly true for women. Once they get a pair of jeans to fit some will order every color in every fabric ( Piccoli, 2007 ). Some of the advantages of customization are building and maintaining customer loyalty, pricing and avoiding physical scanning and body measurement if they go to the shop. (My Virtual Model) is one of the company innovative shopping tool. According to it, customers can create a 3 -D model of themselves by providing critical measurements, which are then applied to the individuals personal Virtual Model. Once a virtual model is created the customer can use it to try on items to see how they will look on his or her body. Outfits can be stored and recalled for later reference. Moreover, the model created, a persons model can also be used at other apparel web sites in the My Virtual Model network, and can be e-mailed to family and friends. Also, from the customers perspective, the web site allows you to be aware of everything about Lands End from the beginnings to the end. Lands End knows how to attract customers as well as keep them on the site through an easy way which to buy. Its divisions are very organized starting with gender of sex starts off with gender of sex.; then it will divide it up in pieces of clothing whether its pants, shirts, skirts, shoes and so on. Moreover, it has section to measure the customers willingness to pay through identifying the amo unt they like to pay to present all the products that have the certain price range. This way saves a lot of time and probably money; so it gives the customer a quick inside online store of what a normal outlet store would look like in person. . If the web site is unorganized or running slow, that is going to turn customers away from the web site. But Lands End website guarantees its customers security policies and provides them with a highly standard of customer service if they order using phone. Through the website they can get the required information about their customers whether they are old, current, new or future. It is very useful to collect the information the organization needs about the customer to actually increase the level of knowledge for the company about the customers and it allows them to know a lot more about each individual customer especially because they have profile of their customers. Strategic Alignment One of any organisation factor of success strategically and technologically is bringing both It and IS strategies within the organisation strategy. This is called strategic alignment which means the effective correlation between internal and external domains. Internal domain comes out the integration between business strategy and IT strategy while the external domain is involved in the integration between organizational infrastructure and process and IS infrastructure and process. In this case, Lands End achieves a high degree of strategic alignment; through using archetype solutions for custom-tailored clothes, a process engineering approach that included developing a corporate metric model and mind map that anticipated the specific ways that inventory managers would use them to improve and develop business strategy. Inventory management system is used to help ensure customer satisfaction by avoiding unexpected backorders. Orders are electronically sent to the warehouse, where the g oods are packaged, shipping labels are printed, and the package is sent out to a delivery service. Alternatively, orders that include customized items are sent to a mainframe which computes estimated measurements based on user data, which is used to develop a pattern to be used in the manufacturing of the item. It supports fast shipping and embroidering. As it mentioned before the high performance of customer service is quite a good evidence of the systems ability to retrieve orders quickly and accurately. Moreover, lower prices comes out the efficiency and effectively resulting from sending the orders to the warehouse in electronic form. That is why the web site adds the competitive advantage to Lands End. The organisations business strategy is presented to achieve its scope, marinating competitive advantage and reaching business governance. It shows in the case through providing each customer with a personal experience that builds a good standard relationship to last for long time . Also, its successful business strategy shows through dependable quality, fair prices, efficient service, call back program and positive employee experience. To achieve its scope, it depends on archetype solutions that fits mass customization and custom-clothing service and web based services in clothing industry. As a result of AS, the company has made big investment in people and technology to achieve the competitive advantage and get the expected profits. After looking at Exhibit 1 and 2, the financial situation in Lands End shows its progress which indicates its position. The first table shows their revenue in millions from 1999 to 2002. There is a big jump of about 197 millions dollars from 1999 to 2002 in the company. Each year they will continue to make a little more money mainly from increasing cliental and offering a wider span of products. Challenges: (competitive advantage)/ Recommendations Lands Ends mass customization and web-based customer service initiatives provide a great opportunity to discuss the sustainability of competitive advantage derived from IT-driven strategic initiatives. Although AS, Inc allows the company to maintain its competitive advantage, Ends Ends mainly has competencies in apparel manufacturing and retail efficiency. Therefore it should consider those areas in its operational integration to have the link between the organisational infrastructure and IS, It should pay its particular attention to its use of IT. The most important opportunity that Lands End should take advantage of is to place Internet terminals along with the clothing displays in the Sears stores. This would allow customers to try-on clothes, feel fabrics, and test sizes inside the Sears store, yet still place an order for a specific item that is not offered in the store. This would increase sales by eliminating the loss of sales from stock-outs, as well as increase brand awarene ss. With the invention and innovation of new textiles, Lands End can expand its current ordering system to include new fabric choices on many different products. This would allow customers to both customizing their own clothing and electing a colour, which would increase customer satisfaction and as a result customer loyalty. Lands End should also market towards young customers aging from ( 10 20) in order to increase sales both presently and maintain them in the future (by retaining customers). It can do this by designing new styles and advertising through its web site. Lands End should stay a competitive advantage in its industry regarding its operations to keep going in custom-tailored clothes; and the required enhancement of its industry is necessary and essential to product category and price. It also should have the ability to use It in the light of up coming technologies and trends. Lands End might lose its competitive advantage due to fallen barriers, technology replication cycle.

The Use of Hesse Siddhartha to Reflect the Legendary Atmosphere of Budd

The Use of Hesse Siddhartha to Reflect the Legendary Atmosphere of Buddha "Siddhartha" is one of the names of the historical Gautama, and the life of Hesse's character resembles that of his historical counterpart to some extent. Siddhartha is by no means a fictional life of Buddha, but it does contain numerous references to Buddha’s philosophies and his teachings. Although Hesse’s Siddhartha is not intended to portray the life of Gautama the Buddha but he used the name and many other attributed to reflect the legendary atmosphere and the pattern of his heroes transformation. Shakyamuni, known in his youth as Siddhartha Gautama, was a prince who became aware of and profoundly troubled by the problems of human suffering. According to religious scriptures Siddhartha renounced his prince hood at the age of 19 and pursued the life of a religious mendicant from which he rejected both extremes of the mortification of the flesh and of hedonism as paths toward the state of Nirvana. After 11 years of ascetic practices and deep meditation, at the age of 30, he finally realized the truth that would emancipate mankind from their suffering, and he became a Buddha. All the teachings of Shakyamuni were recorded giving rise to a vast array of sutras or scriptures. The Buddha can in no way be described as a transcendental or supreme being. â€Å"Buddha† means the enlightened one; a Buddha is a person who perceives within his own life the essence, or reality of life itself. Unlike other religious philosophies or systems of religious thought, Buddhism makes no clear distinction between divinity and humanity. Its teachings enable people to attain enlightenment, to become Buddhas themselves. This ultimate reality supports and nourishes humanity, and all other living beings. Those who have perceived this ultimate reality inherent in their own lives truly know themselves, they are Buddhas. (Introduction to Buddhism) The basic teaching of Buddha is formulated in the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Preceding from the premise that suffering exists and that a release from it must be found, Buddha constructed his system. The First Noble Truth is to be understood, the universality of suffering. The Second Truth is to be abandoned, the desire to have and control things that cause suffering. The third truth is to be made visible, the supreme truth and final liberation of Nirvana... ...is world. He realizes that this had to come, so that he would no longer fight what he considered fate, but gave himself unreservedly to his destiny, thus Siddhartha has overcome suffering at last, and with it has attained the last step of his contemplation. He has entered Nirvana, peace has finally come to Siddhartha at last. When it is asked of Siddhartha to show the wonders of enlightenment his efforts to express that he has found the way in words are doomed, since the way within for one individual defies formulation for another, for simply expressed â€Å"knowledge can be imparted, but not wisdom†. (Field) Field, George W Herman Hesse Boston: Twayne Pub., 1970 â€Å"Introduction To Buddhism† SGI-USA www.sgi-usa/buddhism/introtobuddhism.html Malthaner, Johannes. World Literature Criticism James P Draper, ed. Vol. 3. Detroit: Gale Research Comp., 1992. Otten, Anna. Hesse Companion. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1977. Robinson, B.A. â€Å"Buddhism† Religious Tolerance www.religoustolerance.org/buddhism.htm (5 Mar 2001) Rose, Enrst. â€Å"Faith From the Abyss† Contemporary Literature Criticism. Riley, Carolyn. Vol. #1. Detroit: Gale Research Comp. 1973, 145.

Economics and Prostitution Essay

Introduction: The word â€Å"prostitution† has always confused the minds of people for years. Constant attempts to solve this existing problem have not really given any positive results. For some time the problem was obviously ignored by the government as if it completely did not know what to do with it. In the beginning of the XXI century a prostitute has become one of the most ordinary goods that the market can offer. It is also necessary to mention that the demand on prostitution is constantly growing due to several factors worth of separate analysis. Prostitution has always been â€Å"covered† from the eyes of citizens as is has always been unacceptable. Nevertheless, the problem does not disappear and in fact it becomes even more â€Å"sharp† with time. Of course it is easier to pretend like there is no enormous amount of women and men that have no other way to survive but offering sexual services. Basically, the Law of Canada has not done anything good enough to solve the problem in any way, except causing vagueness in the understanding  of what is legal and illegal in terms of sexual services. Prostitution has a lot to do with the economy, as it is not only its â€Å"dark† side but also the potential legal income, which is always needed so much. So what is prostitution? Does it need economical stimulation or should it be completely prohibited or ignored? And should the economical approach be used to prostitution at all? Prostitution is not and will never be a standard job and this is something that is to be never forgotten. 2. Choosing prostitution as a â€Å"career† opportunity? Read more: Reasons for Prostitution The most horrifying thing about prostitution is that it has become not just a way to make money for starving and homeless people but also a â€Å"career† opportunity for the young generation. Why do our children have to grow up with the notion that prostitution is a source of getting money and surviving in this world? The contemporary world lives under certain regularities. A man has to get a job that will provide him or her with a sufficient amount of money in order to maintain a normal living. So if a person does not have enough knowledge to get this or that job he or she always has another opportunity – to prostitute himself or herself. Prostitution as a primitive was of making money; it is a problem that prevents the society from its perfection and development. Prostitution is obviously a negative phenomenon, demoralizing the society but is has actually become a â€Å"job† for many men and women and this fact cannot remain unnoticed. 2.a. Definition of prosti tution Prostitution does exist and it an unchallengeable fact. It existed since ancient times in different countries, with different social-political statuses. A prostitute is a person who provides sexual services in exchange for money. In other words it is a person who offers sex and gets paid for it. Nevertheless, none of the people providing this type of services are performing a business activity. It is usually believed that prostitutes are women; nevertheless men play an important part in prostitution as an object of high demand, too. Anyhow it is very hard to give a definition to prostitution as a profession, because prostitutes do not pay taxes and do not receive any pension while on retirement. Prostitution is not illegal in Canada and this fact puts it in a very uncertain position in terms of possible â€Å"career opportunities† for the young generation. It is legal to  sell services but it is illegal to buy them – this statement makes many people bewildered. One th ing is certain for sure: prostitution – is an act of selling a person’s body for further sexual services for material compensation. 2.b. Danger of the oldest profession Choosing prostitution as a profession is not rational. Yes, it does bring income and the demand is always high. But what will a prostitute remain with at the threshold of the pension age? This is one of the reasons that many people such as the criminologist Dr. John Lowman argue in favor of its legalization1. Prostitution is considered as a potential source of renewing the budget of Canada. But there are also other reasons for not becoming a prostitute except the tax-pension side of the issue. Many of the prostitutes simply disappear and often become the victims of violence. According to the statistics â€Å"90 percent had been physically assaulted in prostitution and 78 percent had been raped in prostitution†2. Prostitutes do not get the protection the representatives of standard professions do. They can also be the cause of spreading of venereal diseases due to the fact of absence of a proper medical checkup. This â€Å"dangers† put prostitution in the position of the â€Å"risk zone† occupation. No one will argue that choosing an occupation with high risks is not rational at all. 3. Economical approach to prostitution Prostitution is legal in Canada. But it is only formally, because â€Å"pimping and operating or being found in or working in a â€Å"bawdy house† (every place where one or more prostitutes regularly work or where â€Å"indecent acts† are performed) are not†3. Criminal Code sections 210 and 211 forbid â€Å"Bawdy houses† and section 212 foresees responsibility for living on the avails of the prostitution of a person. How should the economical approach be applied to prostitution? Canada’s Justice has put prostitution in a position where is has to be done in certain places without any publicity or in other words it has to respect the moral abutments of the society. If prostitution is to be viewed as a type of â€Å"profession† than it is put on the same level with other taxpayers such as teachers, lawyers and many others. The application of the economical approach means that prostitution has to have a legal status. SO this makes us view prostit ution as a business. A business  activity is an independent activity directed to a systematic income arrival from property use, selling goods, work execution or rendering services registered and stated by Law. So prostitution is a systematic income obtained from rendering a service. Prostitution gets the possibility to exist illegally from the gaps in the Law and the Canadian Law with its semi-legalization does not make it easier to define the status of prostitution in the country. If prostitution is legal than prostitutes have to be 18 years old and have the right to medical and social security. At the same time they have to pay the monthly income tax, which will make the profession less profitable, then it is now. 3.a. Prostitution and economy. The existance of prostitution in Canada still can be explained form the point of the economic approach for Canada has a market-based economy. According to the economic approach both of the sides have to be in profit. Demand gives birth to supply and in this terms prostitution is just the reaction of the high demand of sexual services. So it is about the morality of the society in the first place. Third parties should be completely eliminated from this â€Å"deal†. These third parties, known as â€Å"pimps† or even sex-firms are the ones to be persecuted. Sex-workers have become an integral part of Canada’s society and they even form alliances such as the Sex Worker’s Alliance of Vancouver. The amount of money obtained from prostitution is enormous, so therefore the budget is left without any additional financing. There are only two ways out –either to completely legalize it eliminating street prostitution or to completely forbid it. Prostitution has increased in the last years in Canada. This has a lot to do with the sex-tourists arriving to Canada searching for sexual services. This means that Canada is getting foreign â€Å"deposits† that go to â€Å"nowhere†. Conclusion: Prostitution can be found in Canada’s every corner and especially in its main cities4. Its existance is conditioned by many factors. Canada is offering licensed sex but for some reason the gaps in the law enforcements are so big that it is completely impossible to notice them. In many cases prostitution is the only option of a person and the reaction of the government should not be through the legalization of this option but in the creation of other options of decent money making. The economic approach explains the existance of prostitution because any country is a big market place and is interested in  profit in the first place and Canada in not an exception. â€Å"The communicating law† is not effective anymore. Prostitution needs to be analyzed from every single side and needs a new conception of functioning if functioning at all. The economic approach app lication does not imply that the profit is made on the degradation of the society. And it is obvious that if the sex-workers had education, a place to work and a decent salary they would never have found themselves on the panel and could be their labor would have brought a bigger income for the budget. Canada needs to change the economic approach to the human approach and study everything concerning the prostitution for new.

Paradise

This short story Is about a guidebook writer called Nouvelle who recommends great areas In Nepal for spending holidays. When Unveiled arrives to Nepal he had a romantic idea of their standard of living. Which is clear in the passage were he memorizing: † The group of people were gathered about the fire, their faces lit by the warm glow of flames. Like a painting. A painting, yes, he would use that. † (P. L l. 10- 14) When the main character, Unveiled, has chosen to use the word painting here, it is to illustrate that the human beings and the nature is in harmony.In the passage mention earlier, in which Unveiled are memorizing, his attention to detail and way of ascribing it, is much similar to that of a picture of the romantic age. Unveiled also has a romantic idea of the population in this are where the story take place. This is shown after the breakfast where he philosophizes about the difference between his own world and the people in it, along with this new complete s trange world he has arrived in. † Unveiled felt a kind of awe of these people. They were like saints.The warmth they had shown him – a complete stranger – had been remarkable even by the high standards of hospitality he had encountered In this remote area of Nepal. How efferent from his own world, spoilt and depraved. Where people wallowed In their greed. † When Unveiled mentions these people as saints he compares them to something very sacredly therefore he gives them a delve status compared to his own people back home. When Unveiled has chosen to make this comparison he creates a greater gap between two cultures.And In this case a gap between the third world countries and the Industrialized and the rich part of the world. The setting in this short story plays an important role because the nature and the atmosphere around Unveiled make him wonder. The short story takes place, as Unveiled ascribes it, in a place almost similar to paradise. â€Å"l en calm Ana Eden a steep one, out ten location was spectacular . Nine settlement clung to a steep slope. Below the land fell away dizzyingly into the main valley. Above, it steeped into a sharply point snowflake, like a yaks horn. † (P. 3. L. 4-67) Later on he refers directly to a paradise, when he use the exact word paradise. † He could see white peaks far away in the distance, shimmering, mysterious. A paradise. A doomed paradise† (P. 4 1. 104-105) Matthew Knell has chosen to use the negative minded word â€Å"doomed† in front of he positive word â€Å"paradise†, it could be to illustrate that behind everything beautiful there is something bad waiting for you. On the other hand it might be a reference to the industrialized world in which he grew up. Earlier in the short story the reader gets the impression that Unveiled is trying to escape from something.And that something could easily be the industrialized world. † Where teenagers goaded and attacked old people for pleasure. Where children were not safe from molesters. Where wives left their husbands without warning and conscience. As had Inveigles own wife. No, here was something wiser, better† (p. L. 41-44) This is some personal experience from his earlier background, which is based on the industrialized world and how some persons act, learn and live in the Western Society. Unveiled is afraid that these friendly and kindly people in Draught will end up the same way as his own people.This again emphasizes Inveigles romantic ideas of these people in the village. And this medallion in the story is a symbol of the good and evil. If Unveiled accepts this present the people in Draught will end up like the people in the rich part of the world because of the tourism. It is almost as the apple from the Garden of Eden. In the end of the story Inveigles romantic ideas faces the harsh reality and this comes as a surprise for him. When he tries to explain, he realizes that these peo ple from the village in Draught are not stupid and naive, even though they are underdeveloped. Whit tourist money we can pay a doctor to visit sometimes. Also a teacher. If the children learn this place and go to Katmandu (†¦ ) And then you say you will not put us your book† (P. 6 L. 199-204) Now Unveiled knows that these people have known the truth from the start, and that they have played and use his own romantic ideas against him. And now his awe for Hess people are totally gone, because his romantic ideas was not as he thought they would be. Which is very clear at the end of the short story: â€Å"Only when he was clear of the house did he glance back.He could see no figures at all, only the wall of the buildings, linked together, closed. Up ahead were the white peaks he had noticed before. But now they were different† (P. 8 L. 247-250) In tans process winner Nouvelle tries to Dread Tree Trot Nils 010 Testily Ana winner en meets this new culture and nature he i s absolutely fascinated by he learns something about how every human being thinks after all. We all hunger after the name things. His romantic ideas of these villages in Nepal are Jus utopian ideas.He thought that these people were friendly and kindly to him without any ulterior motives and then he discovered that the motive was money and development. And money and development was that something Unveiled was trying to break free from. This short story gives a good example off two different cultures, which take two different positions in connection with money. In the one hand it is about surviving on the other hand it is about material benefits. Some of the messages in Paradise are: globalization, tourism and the question is money a good or a bad thing?

Overwhelm and Underwhelm

Overwhelm and Underwhelm Overwhelm and Underwhelm Overwhelm and Underwhelm By Simon Kewin If you can overwhelm and underwhelm, can you also â€Å"whelm†? Both overwhelm and underwhelm are common enough words, but they appear to imply the existence of a root word â€Å"whelm†. Does such a word exist and, if so, what does it mean? The Oxford definition of overwhelm is as follows : verb 1. submerge beneath a huge mass. 2. defeat completely; overpower. 3. have a strong emotional effect on. (ORIGIN from archaic whelm ‘engulf or submerge’, from Old English.) As this makes clear, whelm is a word, but it is archaic and rarely used these days. And, what’s more, whelm and overwhelm actually have more or less the same meaning, although overwhelm perhaps suggests a more intense degree of being engulfed or defeated. But it’s as if overwhelm has taken over the job of its root word, making whelm redundant. These days, the original word is generally used only in poetic or deliberately archaic language. J. R. R. Tolkien, for example, used it in The Lord of the Rings. The third sense of overwhelm listed above have a strong emotional effect on – is a very recent development in the history of this word. And it’s from this that the opposite word underwhelm was coined. To underwhelm means, simply, to fail to impress or make a positive impact on, without any of the meanings to do with flooding or defeat. In other words, underwhelm evolved from overwhelm and not, curiously, from the rarely-used root word whelm at all. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†"Certified" and "Certificated"Phrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

Salary Negotiation Tactics for College Students

Salary Negotiation Tactics for College Students Your education was a valuable investment. You need to walk the walk in order to leverage it and get the salary you deserve. If you have never had a career before, it can be intimidating to negotiate your pay with potential employers. Do your homework, then go for the gold with these negotiation tactics that are sure to help you establish a pay rate you are comfortable with. Research Salaries Within the Company If it is at all possible to find out how much other people within the organization are making, do so. Find out as much as you can about any positions similar to yours and the experience, if you can, of the workers doing the job. Sometimes this part can be tricky since financial information can be considered a personal confidential matter. Sometimes you can find tax information about the organization and nothing more. If this is the case, just use it as food for thought as you find out more about what you’re worth. You can potentially compare this to other similar companies and make educated guesses about what’s reasonable. Look Up Salary Averages in Your Local and Regional Area Within your job description, you should be able to find salary averages, both in your city and in your region. This is where comparing company profits might come in handy. For example, if you are applying for a position at a company that is on the lower end of the profit scale, you shouldn’t ask for the same salary as the highest average in your area. In that case, you should ask for less. Make Sure You’ve Come Across as an Exceptional Candidate If you’re at this point in the game, you already know this company likes you, but have you completely wowed them? Do something that will set the stage for your negotiation, making you stand out from all other candidates, and show your employer that they do not want you slipping through their fingers. This is the key to leverage showing up as your best self and making sure that has been recognized. You don’t achieve this by being arrogant, but you don’t get it by being mousy either. Try to find a problem the organization is facing, knows they are facing, and solve it for them. Service is the best way to add value to any situation. Expand the Proposal Beyond Monetary Compensation Do not forget to consider benefits such as a healthcare package, vacation time, window office, new phone, work from home days, expense accounts for travel, etc. You can’t be too creative with this, but do stay reasonable. For whatever you are asking, you should include reasons, in your proposal, why the items would help you do your job. Use Facts in Your Negotiation Once you have all the facts, write them down in a way that is clear, conceptual, and never demanding. Employers will want to see exactly how you came up with your proposed rate, especially since you have no prior experience. Answer any questions they might have before they ask, especially why you might want the amount you’re asking for. Then, continue revising your proposal as many times as you need to feel great about it. Once you’ve got the right proposal, the one you feel good about (Don’t spend weeks on this, since you want it done in time to start working asap.), present it to the company in a way that you think they will feel good about. Send it to the appropriate person for review in a format that is appropriate for the company’s size and how busy the hiring staff seems. The best case scenario is to ask how they would prefer you present your proposal, whether this be in person or via email, etc. The bottom line is that you shouldn’t let the idea of negotiation intimidate you to the point of missing out on what you deserve. By doing thorough research and planning, you should find the confidence to find the salary you want and need without much stress.

Carsales for International Journal of Management help

Car and bikes have become the lifeline for the peoples in the cities, especially in Australia. It is seen that that the number of the cars per house is approximately 2 or more. But where these cars comes from and how the people get it, the answer is the carsales.com. Also known as the ASX: CAR is one of the largest online automobile selling organisation. IT deals with cars, bikes, supercars and marine automobiles. The organisation structure has not only attracted a huge number of the customers in the Australia but also all over the world. It has many of the subsiders which all together have more than 600 employees (Kane et al. 2015). The organisation not only deals with the automobiles but also helps the customer by providing proper and world class equipment’s for the automobiles. This paper is about the nature of the business that the organisation does and how it beneficial for the customers. Also this paper includes the governance structure of the organisation and the police s of the origination. The paper also provides a brief about the risks that the organisation faces in the modern generation time (Bower 2018). The roles of the corporate officers are also part of the paper which deals with the work that the officers does and their work affects the working of the organisation. Further that how the organisations works with the risk management also reflects in this paper. One of the major thing that is to be considered while selling automobiles, the governance policy is also on of the major aspect , this paper highlight the regulatory requirements that helps the organisation for the work of regulatory requirements of the organisation. Also the IS systems and the IT management issues are also highlighted. The carsales.com is one of the leading automobile selling industry in the Australia. The entire business of the organisation runs in the online platform that is it uses the information technology for the business enhancement (Leite et al. 2015). The work of the industry is very simple, that is it has created and platform though which the users can search for the cars or bike or truck, accessories, farming equipment and any other automobile that the user wants to buy or sell. Interested customers can search for the same, the organisation helps with the process from location to the buying process while taking a minimal fee for the same (Susskind and Susskind 2015). The mission of the organisation according to the systems is to provide helpful services in the industry to reduce the cost of the automotive advertise in the country. The vision of the organisation is to provide a smooth car buying and selling journey to the Australians. It also provides the customers with each and every det ails about the car whether it is a new or a old platform before buying (Busse, Knittel and Zettelmeyer 2013). If an owner wants to sell a particular car, all the owner has to do is to fill the form available in the website and the upload pictures, of the car. When the confirmation is done and payment is confirmed, officials come and checks the condition of the car and approves it. Then the advertisement of the car is given in page of the website. It uses many of the advanced technology for the same (Grant 2016). It uses the information systems for the purpose of the developing the website it needs for the business. The organisation has a very profound data base that helps the organisation to store the most accurate information about the cars and the details of the customers. Also it uses the cloud system which helps the organisation is maintain the proper order. It can be said that using information technology has helped the organisation a lot in developing the nature of the busines s in this competitive world. The organisation a very strict and advanced governance policies which helps the organisation in the process of the business policy. It helps the organisation to maintain a good decorum in the business. The Governance, is program that helps in maintain the roles of the individuals and the management roles which helps in defining the management roles and the polices for taking a better decision for the organisation (Scholes 2015). The agreement paper of the organisation includes many of the parameters that the user must full fill before starting with the carsales.com. Some of policies are These are some of the basic policies that the customer has to follow, apart from these there are several other such policies that the organisation needs to follow. The employees of the organisation also has to follow certain rules that the organisation has to follow (Vignola, McDaniels and Scholz 2013).   Every employee of the organisation has a specific set of the rules that has be followed. There is special team in the organisation which looks into the matters of this factors. All the customer’s needs to follow the set of the rule and the regulation in order to use the platform of the organisation. Corporate officials the employees of the organisation who are the head. These people are responsible for every movement of the organisation. All the decisions are that re made by them affects the entire work process of the organisation. Here are given some of the names of the people who are the brains and the mind of the organisation. Chairman: Richard Collins, the current Chairman and director of the organisation has been working for the organisation since the past 18years (Xue et al. 2013). He is the head of board of the directors and confirms every decision that the organisation needs to take. Managing Director & CEO:   Cameron McIntyre is the managing director and the CEO of the organisation. He is responsible for all the sales and the services of the organisation, without his confirmation none of the moves are approved (Uslaner 2013).   He is been serving the organisation since the year of the 2016. The carsales.coms entire business plan is made by him in the resent years and the use of the modern technology is also an idea of him. Being a degree holder from the Harvard school of business knows each and every aspect of the business and uses his mind for the development of the same. Non-Executive Director:   The work of the non-executive director does not shows a breakup in the regular day to day work, but in the polies and planning of the organisation. The role of the non-executive director is to make the plan and polices for the organisation. Also the work of the Non-Executive Director is to monitor the activities of the ceo and the chairman of the organisation and to include more and more shareholders for the organisation (Touchon et al. 2013). Wal Pisciotta OAM, Kim Anderson, Patrick O'Sullivan, Edwina Gilbert are the Non-Executive Directors of the organization who looks in the smooth going of the business of the organisation., General Counsel and Company Secretary: The work of the general counsel and the company secretory is to look into the legal matters of the organisation. Nicole Birman is women who looks into all these staffs on behalf of the organisation. These are the few people who looks in the top level matters of the organisation and helps the organisations smooth going and helping in the development of the organisation. The policies that the organisation has is well compiled to the governmental reforms of the country. The organisation follows the norms that are given by the government and does not include any practice that is illegal (Shareholder.carsales.com.au. 2018). The selling and the buying of the cars and the other automobiles are in accordance to the government of the organisation. Further the organisation checks all the papers of the cars and the validity of the owner who is selling the item.   When a person is buying an automobile, a check for the person is also done by the organisation. The registration number of the car, owner details are the other such things (Unger, Gemà ¼nden and Aubry 2012). The customer needs to validate all the documents like the paper of the car, the pollution papers and other papers that are related to the systems. This is done for the betterment of the customers and to keep the organisation in the safe side. This is made sure that no illegal deal is done via the platform of the organisation.   Risk mitigation is the technique to reduce the number of the risk in minimum number by the process of proper risk analysis method. An incessant, pre-emptive and methodical process of categorising, assessing and managing risk in line with the accepted risk levels to provide reasonable assurance as to achieving the expected result .The organisation uses on some of the strong computer architectures for the betterment of the systems and the websites (Schwartz 2017). In any organisation risk is one of the major factor that affects the business. In case of this organisation there are also some of the major risk are, if the car is a stolen one and some ones is trying to sell the car using fake papers. Other than this the user who may use fake profile to buy any cars can also be called risk. Some of the other minor risk are that if the one confirms to sell the car and later deny it. This are some of the issues that the organisation faces can be solved by verifying the user and charging t he user beforehand (Welford 2016). Other than this some of the major risk that the organization can face in terms of the information technology are blocking of the websites, hacking of the systems database and other hacks. The organisation uses a strong risk analysis method for getting the prior knowledge of the risk in the systems. There are 5 steps that the organisation follows to analyse any of the risk in the system, first is to identify the major risk that the organisation can face, the second is who will be affected because of the risk, is it the organisation or the clients and the taking appropriate pre causing for removing the risk of the organisation (Lacetera, Pope and Sydnor 2012). The 4 th is to keep a track of the previous risk and to analyse and remove the same (Hemmati 2012). The fifth is to update the risk related issue in the proper interval of time. With the proper assumption of the risk, the organisational woks goes on and the three is smooth flow of the work in the organisation. The customer has a huge role while playing to keep the data’s safe. According to the organisation no customer must share the personal data online and offline to any one other. The use of others account is also one of the major problem, according to company policy no one other than the seller or the buyer can use the account but it does not happens many times it is seen that people use some of others account. This can be one of the major problem for the organisation in maintaining the decorum of the business. Some of the improvements that the organisation needs to do for the betterment of the business are introducing the IT in the business process (Prince 2012). In order to save the websites and the servers form attackers the organisation needs a huge support team which can look after the working of the IT things. Introduction of proper anti-virus and the use of the cloud architectures can help the organisation in the process of saving the data and information of the organisation. Some of the common hacks that can affect the websites are Sql injections, Cross referencing scripting, server side invalidation error, having a strong passwords other such malwares. Further the organisation needs to keep the client data safe, if there is any issue with the client data, the clients may boycott the system of the carsales.com (Huse and Lucinda 2014). The organisation can use the PAAS as a platform for the development and safekeeping of the data. Further the use of the software’s that helps i n the protection of the data can be used. The organisation can also introduce new risk assessment techniques that can help in better analysis of the risk. Further the use of the artificial intelligence can help the organisation regular work and decrease the work pressure of the employees, it can help in the automation of the tasks. Thus, concluding the topic it can be said that the carsales.com is one of the major industry that is working in the Australia for the betterment of the customers. The organisation has a very strong nature of the business that it does. With the increase demands of the cars and the automobile the business of the organisation are increasing with passing days and in the near future may rise to global extent. The organisation can open up global hubs for the selling of the cars globally which can help the organisation to improve. The organisation also needs to reform some of the business patterns and improve some of the business processes for the betterment of the organisation. Also the organisation needs to improve the IS management systems which will help the organisation in having more and more customer. Introducing better it can also help the organisation in defending against malwares and other such attacks. Busse, M.R., Knittel, C.R. and Zettelmeyer, F., 2013. Are consumers myopic? Evidence from new and used car purchases. American Economic Review, 103(1), pp.220-56. Lacetera, N., Pope, D.G. and Sydnor, J.R., 2012. Heuristic thinking and limited attention in the car market. American Economic Review, 102(5), pp.2206-36. Huse, C. and Lucinda, C., 2014. The market impact and the cost of environmental policy: evidence from the Swedish green car rebate. The Economic Journal, 124(578). Prince, R., 2012. Policy transfer, consultants and the geographies of governance. Progress in Human Geography, 36(2), pp.188-203. Hemmati, M., 2012.  Multi-stakeholder processes for governance and sustainability: beyond deadlock and conflict. Routledge. Welford, R., 2016.  Corporate environmental management 1: Systems and strategies. Routledge. Schwartz, M.S., 2017.  Corporate social responsibility. Routledge. Unger, B.N., Gemà ¼nden, H.G. and Aubry, M., 2012. The three roles of a project portfolio management office: Their impact on portfolio management execution and success.  International Journal of Project Management,  30(5), pp.608-620. Shareholder.carsales.com.au. (2018).  carsales.com.au. [online] Available at: https://shareholder.carsales.com.au/Investor-Centre/?page=Board [Accessed 23 Apr. 2018]. Touchon, J.C., Jimà ©nez, R.R., Abinette, S.H., Vonesh, J.R. and Warkentin, K.M., 2013. Behavioral plasticity mitigates risk across environments and predators during anuran metamorphosis.  Oecologia,  173(3), pp.801-811. Uslaner, E.M., 2013. Trust as an Alternative to Risk.  Public Choice,  157(3-4), pp.629-639. Xue, L., Zhang, C., Ling, H. and Zhao, X., 2013. Risk mitigation in supply chain digitization: System modularity and information technology governance.  Journal of Management Information Systems,  30(1), pp.325-352. Vignola, R., McDaniels, T.L. and Scholz, R.W., 2013. Governance structures for ecosystem-based adaptation: Using policy-network analysis to identify key organizations for bridging information across scales and policy areas.  Environmental science & policy,  31, pp.71-84. Scholes, M.S., 2015.  Taxes and business strategy. Prentice Hall. Grant, R.M., 2016.  Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley & Sons. Susskind, R.E. and Susskind, D., 2015. The future of the professions: How technology will transform the work of human experts. Oxford University Press, USA. Bower, D.J., 2018.  Company and campus partnership: supporting technology transfer. Routledge. Kane, G.C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A.N., Kiron, D. and Buckley, N., 2015. Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation.  MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press,  14. Leite, L.F., Mendes, F.L., Parreiras, V.A., Gomes, F.M. and Wiezel, J.G., 2015. Developing a technology readiness assessment methodology for an energy company. In  IAMOT 2015 Conference Proceedings  (pp. 2026-2039).

Different Rather Complicated Games Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Different Rather Complicated Games - Assignment Example That was when he started to design games of the same nature at the age of about 13.   The writer solemnly believes that the kind of thinking he was doing was the result of the video games and sitcoms that were popular at his time. The writer’s major argument here is that today’s pop culture does not affect the individuals, in fact, it is the other way round. Pop culture is the result of the system. The writer goes on to say that he doesn’t believe that today’s pop culture make it to the bracket of masterpieces but it certainly has more depth and meaning than it appears to have. The writer believes the sleeper curve to be the most important force that is affecting mental development in this age. He believes it to enhance thinking and improved behavior in members of the society rather than the opposite. The opposing position to this argument is that the pop culture enhanced by the popularity of video games knows no boundaries. The sex, violence, and profan ity not just give out a negative image of the society as a whole, it corrupts it. Columnist Suzanne Fields puts it best; it is shameful to think about how many people are exposed to the worst traits within their society. The boundaries of acceptable conduct have become murky because people believe it is okay for them to act in accordance with what the pop culture is showing them. The writer’s major argument is that media doesn’t corrupt society, it is a result of the corrupted society. The pop culture in the form of video games is a reflection of the real world, the world that isn’t the so happy and safe place people want it portrayed like. The author also says that it is not the content of the pop culture that matters but one needs to look at the positive thought process it is responsible for. The writer goes on to acknowledge the benefits of conventional learning forms such as books admitting that they are the best vehicle of learning but argues that video gam es can provide with the same benefits. The only problem people have with them is that they came later on. If video games were the conventional form of learning and books were introduced after them, people would have the same reaction to books. He says that people are just resistant to change and adapting to modes like television and video games as learning sources it just a matter of being better acclimatized with them. Video games benefits are simply not limited to better hand and eye coordination, it offers much more. In retrospect, video gaming is a more effective form of learning for it is more engaging, interactive and generally more enduring. It packages learning with the element of fun delivering lessons without boring people. In fact, many a time when individuals are not playing, they are thinking about how to overcome a particular obstacle in the game. As such, video games encourage and foster personal as well as mental development. The writer of the book comes across as im partial. True he has very strong beliefs about the pop culture especially video games believing them to be a positive driver of the society. However, it cannot be ignored that the writer acknowledges the other point of view and gives it due consideration.

Role of Statistics in the Research Process Essay

Role of Statistics in the Research Process - Essay Example Research process follows the following basic steps: Problem identification, data collection, conduct of methods, data presentation and analysis, interpretation of data and formulation of conclusions and recommendations. As far as research is concerned, statistical methods play a significant and active role in the discovery phase. The methods involve in statistics are an intermediate measure between the theoretical speculations and anecdotal evidence, which lead to the discovery of new information, and validate known facts. Statistics has also a role in the justification phase of a research process. This is the phase whereby, theories needs to be elaborated further in order that comprehensive understanding will be established. Ideally, statistical methods are designed in order to observe or detect and measure the cause-effect relationships in certain situations where outcomes cannot be equally replicated due to normal variability in the applied measurements of interest.

The impacts of 2008 Olympic Games to Chinese Tourism Industry Essay

The impacts of 2008 Olympic Games to Chinese Tourism Industry - Essay Example In the success of the 2008 Olympics Beijing hopes to prove that China is coming of age in the 21st century. As it has been a common notion for the most Chinese that the 2008 Olympics will bring economic boost to the country, many are still concerned on what will happen to the tourism sector of the country. This paper is then aimed at analyzing the impact of 2008 Olympics to the overall tourism industry of China. Specifically, this paper targets to: This research is study, which is focused on analyzing the impact of 2008 Olympics to the overall tourism industry of China is significant and very timely because this could help open and broaden the minds of the many - including the Chinese populace, the tourism sector of China and other countries and all other concerned individuals, Asians or not - of the possible effect that Olympics can bring to their lives and of course to the country's current situation. This could also provide a deeper appreciation and understanding of the real negative and positive impacts of Olympics to China - to its people and government. Moreover, the results of this study can be use as a reference material or as a guide for other future researchers in line with this paper. Significant evidences that will be cited in this paper will help future researchers identify their course of action in their own research undertaking. The research also aims to make a definite contribution towards the school's mission of social change by presenting one of the most critically analyzed issues - economics and tourism - in a holistic light. The research also aspires to suggest a research design for carrying out non-biased and ethical research on the issue - the findings of which may provide useful inputs in the school's initiative at bettering the society. Methodology The research method that will be used for the study is a review of related literatures regarding 2008 Olympics how it will affect China. These literary studies will be further reviewed and discussed in order to identify the issues, rules and regulations, even the changing or unchanging tones of the Chinese people in regarding the upcoming Olympics that will be held in their territory. Through this method, an overall analysis of how the 2008 Olympics will affect the entire tourism industry of China will be achieved. Theoretical framework Much research has been done in analyzing the role that the Olympics has brought to the countries where it was previously held. More so, there have been undergoing studies related to concerns of both the Chinese government and the populace coupled with concerns of the people from other countries regarding the 2008 Olympics that will be held in China. As there are numbers of possible resources available, it is then important to assess the common denominator between these resources, hence this study. The suggested theoretical framewor

Capture, Processing, and Presentation of Exogenous Antigen by Essay - 6

Capture, Processing, and Presentation of Exogenous Antigen by Dendritic Cells - Essay Example As the paper stresses B and T cells differ in the manner they recognize antigens. B cells can recognize the antigen through its structure while T cells recognize the same protein only when it has been degraded and presented on the surface of the antigen presenting cell (APC). T cells do not attack free antigens that can be found in the cytosol. In the lymphoid tissues, dendritic cells are considered professional antigen presenting cells (APC) because they are strongest known stimulators of T cells in vivo and in vitro. Thus far, dendritic cells (DC) have only one known function, and that is to present antigens to T cells. Their name was derived dendron, Greek for tree, because of their morphological structure which resembles a tree with many branches or dendrites. From this paper it is clear that the DC arise from myeloid cells in the bone marrow and migrate to peripheral tissues like the skin and mucosa. In these tissues, the immature phenotype of dendritic cells prevail. Immature D C are not yet capable of stimulating T cells. However, the immature DC have receptors that allow them to recognize factors on microbial surfaces allowing them to take up or ingest exogenous antigens through macropinocytosis, endocytosis, and phagocytosis. During macropinocytosis, the dendritic cell membrane forms curved ruffles which fold in to form a pocket enclosing the antigens. The pocket forms a vesicle, called a macropinosome, with 1-5 um diameter, that is filled with extracellular fluid and other molecules including the antigens. The macropinosome then travels into the cytoplasm were it fuses with endosomes and lysosomes. This process occurs constitutively in immature DC and requires the presence of cholesterol. Macropinocytosis occurs in other cells but is only induced by the presence of growth factors.  

Strategies to Build Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategies to Build Culture - Essay Example Lastly, a discussion on how this strategy benefits culture within a workplace or school shall be critically analyzed. Teaching becomes monotonous in a learning setup especially in the mid semester. Effective communication is an essential tool to learning and teaching. Inappropriate communication makes listeners to be confused, disinterested, and frustrated (Barnard, 2008, p. 5). Communication in the effective manner helps and guide teachers to engage students in the learning process. Effective communication in a classroom set up involves the use of, group discussion, feedback, and visual aids. Visual aids are used by instructors to drive a point to the learners. Verbal communication is a proper way to articulate ideas and thoughts and educates, nevertheless, devoid of visual aids, learners may not get the whole information. Visual aids capture the attention of the audience who then is capable to keep the information taught. As well stated, through seeing, one is able to believe the i nformation on vision. Group discussion implementation helps learner to own information being instructed upon. In class, the instructor can preserve some 15 minutes to divide students into small groups where they choose a leader, and provide a hand out to each group with questions to be discussed. Feedback is when learners are given powers to put across their opinions. Feedback enables students to effectively process the information, and interact among themselves during the process of learning. Instructors use provoking questions to allow a feedback session continuation. Instructor asks questions that steer up the conversation among learners so as to arrive at conclusions to be taught (Schneeberger, 2008, p 6). Effective communication is a strategy applied at work place to compliment a person for a job well done. This can be done through non verbal communication. In school, effective communication strategy provides students with morale to work hard. For instance, a manager may compli ment the junior staff by use of gestures. Such gestures can be either a handshake or patting on the back for a task well completed. Nonverbal and verbal communications apply in the working setup to emphasize or accent a responsibility. Nonverbally, it is manifested through powerful actions, and verbally through the voice of the tone. In school, the manager can compliment instructors for their hard work. This enables a teacher to work hand in hand with students for the sake of excellence in the school, thus meeting the educational foundation goals. Effective communication strategy benefits cultures within workplace or learning institutions to improve instructions. Cultures are traditions guiding actions of individuals, or the adaptive way of living of folks. Rules and regulations are policies formulated within any institution. In a school set up, rules govern the behavior of learners and ethics among instructors and learners. In order to familiarize learners on such rules and regulat ions, effective communication should take a centre stage. Learners should be informed on what is bad or good in accordance to the school policies. At work place, effective communication benefits culture and improves the working environment. Effective communication builds trusts in the work place. Employees feel motivated if the team leader communicates on any

The impacts of 2008 Olympic Games to Chinese Tourism Industry Essay

The impacts of 2008 Olympic Games to Chinese Tourism Industry - Essay Example In the success of the 2008 Olympics Beijing hopes to prove that China is coming of age in the 21st century. As it has been a common notion for the most Chinese that the 2008 Olympics will bring economic boost to the country, many are still concerned on what will happen to the tourism sector of the country. This paper is then aimed at analyzing the impact of 2008 Olympics to the overall tourism industry of China. Specifically, this paper targets to: This research is study, which is focused on analyzing the impact of 2008 Olympics to the overall tourism industry of China is significant and very timely because this could help open and broaden the minds of the many - including the Chinese populace, the tourism sector of China and other countries and all other concerned individuals, Asians or not - of the possible effect that Olympics can bring to their lives and of course to the country's current situation. This could also provide a deeper appreciation and understanding of the real negative and positive impacts of Olympics to China - to its people and government. Moreover, the results of this study can be use as a reference material or as a guide for other future researchers in line with this paper. Significant evidences that will be cited in this paper will help future researchers identify their course of action in their own research undertaking. The research also aims to make a definite contribution towards the school's mission of social change by presenting one of the most critically analyzed issues - economics and tourism - in a holistic light. The research also aspires to suggest a research design for carrying out non-biased and ethical research on the issue - the findings of which may provide useful inputs in the school's initiative at bettering the society. Methodology The research method that will be used for the study is a review of related literatures regarding 2008 Olympics how it will affect China. These literary studies will be further reviewed and discussed in order to identify the issues, rules and regulations, even the changing or unchanging tones of the Chinese people in regarding the upcoming Olympics that will be held in their territory. Through this method, an overall analysis of how the 2008 Olympics will affect the entire tourism industry of China will be achieved. Theoretical framework Much research has been done in analyzing the role that the Olympics has brought to the countries where it was previously held. More so, there have been undergoing studies related to concerns of both the Chinese government and the populace coupled with concerns of the people from other countries regarding the 2008 Olympics that will be held in China. As there are numbers of possible resources available, it is then important to assess the common denominator between these resources, hence this study. The suggested theoretical framewor

Strategies to Build Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategies to Build Culture - Essay Example Lastly, a discussion on how this strategy benefits culture within a workplace or school shall be critically analyzed. Teaching becomes monotonous in a learning setup especially in the mid semester. Effective communication is an essential tool to learning and teaching. Inappropriate communication makes listeners to be confused, disinterested, and frustrated (Barnard, 2008, p. 5). Communication in the effective manner helps and guide teachers to engage students in the learning process. Effective communication in a classroom set up involves the use of, group discussion, feedback, and visual aids. Visual aids are used by instructors to drive a point to the learners. Verbal communication is a proper way to articulate ideas and thoughts and educates, nevertheless, devoid of visual aids, learners may not get the whole information. Visual aids capture the attention of the audience who then is capable to keep the information taught. As well stated, through seeing, one is able to believe the i nformation on vision. Group discussion implementation helps learner to own information being instructed upon. In class, the instructor can preserve some 15 minutes to divide students into small groups where they choose a leader, and provide a hand out to each group with questions to be discussed. Feedback is when learners are given powers to put across their opinions. Feedback enables students to effectively process the information, and interact among themselves during the process of learning. Instructors use provoking questions to allow a feedback session continuation. Instructor asks questions that steer up the conversation among learners so as to arrive at conclusions to be taught (Schneeberger, 2008, p 6). Effective communication is a strategy applied at work place to compliment a person for a job well done. This can be done through non verbal communication. In school, effective communication strategy provides students with morale to work hard. For instance, a manager may compli ment the junior staff by use of gestures. Such gestures can be either a handshake or patting on the back for a task well completed. Nonverbal and verbal communications apply in the working setup to emphasize or accent a responsibility. Nonverbally, it is manifested through powerful actions, and verbally through the voice of the tone. In school, the manager can compliment instructors for their hard work. This enables a teacher to work hand in hand with students for the sake of excellence in the school, thus meeting the educational foundation goals. Effective communication strategy benefits cultures within workplace or learning institutions to improve instructions. Cultures are traditions guiding actions of individuals, or the adaptive way of living of folks. Rules and regulations are policies formulated within any institution. In a school set up, rules govern the behavior of learners and ethics among instructors and learners. In order to familiarize learners on such rules and regulat ions, effective communication should take a centre stage. Learners should be informed on what is bad or good in accordance to the school policies. At work place, effective communication benefits culture and improves the working environment. Effective communication builds trusts in the work place. Employees feel motivated if the team leader communicates on any

Beer Company Segmentation Essay Example for Free

Beer Company Segmentation Essay Demographic: From the market analysis portion of the paper we already established that internationally, Anheuser is expanding both into the Asian and Latin American markets. But typically what segment of the market do they target specifically? Well currently, the company is making an attempt to target the female population. Michelob Ultra is being marketed in womens magazines like cosmopolitan and other AB brands are placed on woman-focused channels such as Oxygen and Lifetime. Women however arent the only focus. With the recent focus being on FMBs, the most consistent and continuous market has been the 21-27-age bracket, mostly college students. Its Bacardi line of flavored malt beverages and the latest additions, Tilt and B-to-the-E agree with the lifestyle of the contemporary adult looking for innovative drinks that is suitable for a variety of occasions and is an alternative to beer. For the more traditional and patriotic consumer, Anheuser markets towards its US customers by boasting on the fact that it is the only American made beer. Geographic: Currently, Anheuser is a global enterprise with distribution centers in the U. K, Japan, Canada, and Spain. It holds a 50% market share in the U. S beer market and a 50% market share in Grupo Modelo, Mexicos leading brewer. Anheuser Busch owns 27% stake in Chinas number one brewer Tsingato and is pursuing Harbin brewery Group in China. Psychographics: The trend today is for people to lead healthier lifestyles and be more conscientious in the activities and interests that they partake in. This is ever so visible in the diet plans and low-carb phase that has emerged and has become dominant. To capitalize off of this Anheuser promotes its low-calorie beer to these individuals. Anheuser also places more emphasis on it flavored malt beers to appeal to its wine and spirit consumers and to compete in a changing environment where people lead highly social lifestyles by going to bars/clubs, shows, sporting events, etc. Sponsorships of the 2006 Fifa world cup, MLB and its 26 domestic teams and the Mexican national soccer team are an attempt to capture this segment of the market. Behavioral: 18-34 year old Hispanics are consuming Spanish and English broadcast media at nearly equal rates with Spanish-language television and radio outpacing English-language television and radio; * A greater percentage of young Hispanics shop at more store types than do young non-Hispanic adults; * Young Hispanics are more likely to be impulsive shoppers. They like to keep up with styles and will spend what they have to look younger more so than non-Hispanics young adults; * Young Hispanic adults are heavy readers of magazines with lifestyle, entertainment, automotive and sports-focused titles taking the lead; * 18-34 year old Hispanic consumers are more persuaded by advertising in Spanish and are more loyal to companies with ads in Spanish. (Hispanic business) The trend is for Hispanics to be trendsetters and innovators instead of followers/laggards so the pattern has been to market on a personal portfolio basis instead of brand-loyalty aspect. The younger generations tend not to be brand loyal but adoptive of the newest and trendiest innovations. The behavior marketing of Anheuser Busch is tailored to the Hispanic with events, in magazines, television stations and sporting events. It sponsors the 2006 Fifa World Cup, MLB and its 26 domestic teams and the Mexican national soccer team. Not only is the behavior of Hispanics evaluated but all of diverse nations. Anheuser promotes diversity in the workforce at distribution centers across the world to be familiar with the consumer behavior of all groups. Positioning strategies: Beer is always associated with negative stereotypes of death, drunken behavior, a male activity and many other bad connotations. The fun image of Anheuser Busch (more commonly known as Busch Gardens) land looks to change the appearance as a fun image for the family. Children at a young age will be familiar with the product and see it as user friendly because it is positioned as healthy and acceptable for everyone. The addition of the low carb line of beer also helps to suggest that the beer is also healthy and socially suitable. Product strategies: Anheuser Busch product strategy includes the eye catching 7ounce shrink-wrap bottle that comes in six colorful festive designs. Bud Light, one of the brands of AB, is including the addition of flavorful beer with Bud light Oranguatang and Bud light berry. It also introduced two new one of kind brews, Celebrate by Michelob and Brews Masters Private Reserve by Budweiser. Pricing strategies: To better target the Hispanic market, AB increase the Latino budget to more than 60 million dollars, which is 66% more than last year. The increase of national media spending will also increase by three times more than last year topping 3 million dollars. While the domestic beer company has increased tactical price promotions this year on a specific market, brand and package basis to reduce price premiums versus competition, company executives confirmed that the companys long-term pricing strategy continues to target increases at or slightly below the consumer price index. (Forbes) Promotion strategies: As stated before the company is promoting its product to attract woman through woman-focused channels like Oxygen and Lifetime. In addition to becoming familiar through sponsorships of major sporting events, it promotes its products through marketing messages as the only American brewery that is still American owned with profits staying in the states. Miller Brewing Company Demographic: Many breweries realize the potential of the growing Hispanic market and Miller is no different. Especially important, 75% of the Hispanic population is under 45 years old- a prime age group for beer consumption. Hispanics are the most brand-loyal demographic among beer consumers. However this is not the only segment that it targets. Miller is tailored to the contemporary drinker minimum age 24. Commercials for products such as Miller Light show the masculine image of men in masculine environments. Most of Miller products are marketed in a way where they will attract the high-end buyer that will pay a little more and conscientious of high quality. While Anheuser Buschs Bud Light targets the younger generation, Miller Lights targets the older demographic with the minimum age being 24. A segment that has been omitted in the marketing strategies of many products not just the beer industry has been the homosexual population. Miller hopes to capitalize off this market to regain its position as No. 1 in the industry by targeting all areas of the market. Geographic: In July 2002 Miller Brewing Company merged with South African Breweries plc, making Miller a subsidiary of the #2 brewer in the world. It became the first international brewery to establish a presence in Central America. As its top competitor, Anheuser Busch, it is expanding into the Latin and Asian markets. Unlike most breweries, it doesnt concede to a particular geographic segment of the market but intends to account for every beer drinker in every market. Psychographics: To further appeal to their No. 1 consumer the Hispanic market, Miller Brewing Company, promotes most of their products through Hispanic events such as sponsorship of Cinco de Mayo and sponsorships of World Cups. The Hispanic market is seen as the most brand-loyal and therefore is targeted so aggressively. The advertising has an effect on the psychology of consumer behavior through the emphasis of stating that their products are of higher quality. Males are attracted to the idea of a beer that places emphasis on the bravado of a product and their behavior is altered through male marketing. Behavioral: In a male-marketed item such as the high life products, you must target the behavior and activities of the typical man. Miller is the official sponsor of the National Football League. Most of the products are marketed on a brand loyalty basis so it sponsors everyday products to gain the familiarity with consumers (ex: Kraft, Frito-Lay, Gillette, etc). Positioning strategies: Miller positions its products for the loyal consumer to the more rebellious and daring drinker. The homosexual segment is seen as a daring segment because they do not adhere to the norm of todays society. Miller Genuine Draft Light is seen targeted on the gay and lesbian network LOGO. Miller is big on letting its great taste speak for itself, as seen with its No. 1 product Great taste-less filling ads, and has been successful. Miller with Food: Taste for yourself summer campaign was used and was instrumental in increasing sales. Product strategies: As a company, you want to be seen as one of the top in your industry. Miller guarantees this by strategically placing Genuine Draft Light next to the number one competitive low-calorie brand. The confidence of the taste and quality of its products are so high that it implements the technique of sampling to capture new beer drinkers and convert them into loyal consumers. Another technique used for their products is space management which achieves more cooler and shelf space through long-neck N-Rs in 6-pack baskets and loose case, 6 and 12 pack cans, and 6-pack N-Rs represents the package mix consumers demand. The selling of recyclable plastic bottles which made Miller the first making it the first brewer to offer widespread distribution in plastic in the United States. The plastic bottles allow for a more transportable product that remains cold for the same length as aluminum. The only downside may come from recycling officials that argue that the brown plastic bottles do not recycle well with regular soda and water bottles and the cost for accommodation of these brown bottles would be unfeasible. Pricing strategies: To further place emphasis on the higher quality of products, it does not discount its products. It believes in a motto of No Compromise, to get a superior product you must be prepared to pay for it. Most of its pricing strategies are given towards the advertising efforts. Last year alone it spent 40. 1 million on Hispanic-targeted print and television advertising, more than any other advertiser in the alcoholic-beverage category. Promotion strategies: Promotion of Miller products is heavily dependent upon the ever-growing population. SAB Miller signed a 100 million deal with Univision Communications, the largest Spanish language broadcaster in the U. S. It includes sponsorship of programs, product placement and commercial time on Univisions radio, cable and broadcast networking properties. Miller realizes that all marketing efforts can be targeted at the older segment so it looks to work with major record labels and will sponsor preview parties for new album releases for popular artists. Comical commercial advertisements for Miller Lights (Good Call) also attract the younger market. Promotion also comes from its virtual online game Miller beer runner. The introduction of the Miller game came within days of Anheuser-Busch, the colossal corporation who brought the famous slogan king of all beers to Budweiser and its Bud family, pulling their funding for a game called Bud pong. After discovering that many people, especially young adults, were using beer during the game instead of water, as directions specified, they axed the marketing ads and funding for the game. (FordhamObserver) In no way is the company promoting under-age drinking/misconduct and stands by its slogan Live Responsibly to promote drinking in moderation. Molson Coors Brewing Company. Demographic: Coors Brewing company has 40 different brands which appeal to consumers all over the world, specifically in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Brazil. In the U. S Coors light is its number one brand which is targeted more towards the young adult drinkers. Molson Dry is a substitute for Coors light in Quebec, the company is spending more money in advertising this product in order to make it as appealing as Coors Light is in United States. In the United Kingdom lager holds most of the market share with beer brands such as Carlin and the introduction of the new Coors fine lite beer. As most beer companies recognize the potential in the Hispanic community, Coors thrives to gain market share within the community by offering donations and scholarships to the Hispanic Association of Colleges and University. Molson Coors objective is to get the Hispanic Community to adopt the brand, not just try it. Geographic: On February 9th, 2005 Coors joined forces with Canadas leading brewery Molson making them the 5th largest brewery by volume. This merge has presence in seven of the top either beer markets which include U. S, U. K, China, Mexico, Russia, Brazil, and Japan. Molson Coors holds 18. 5% market share in the United States and 21% market share in the United Kingdom. Currently its continuing to grow Coors light in China and other Asian markets. Psychographic: Molson Coors is always looking for new ways to attract consumers, and one of the most efficient markets is to attract people who watch their carbohydrates. In the U. S and other markets Molson Coors has No. 2 low carb beer to attract these consumers. As the craze for lite beer and low-carb beer increases, Molson Coors will keep bringing out new products for their consumers. Molson Coors also targets consumer through activities such as sports. In the U. S Coors light has the biggest sponsorship with NFL in order to promote their product. Also in the U. K whenever a consumer thinks about soccer they associate it with Carling, United Kingdoms No. 1 lager. Behavioral: In order to make consumers familiar with their products, Molson Coors targets them through their everyday habits for example Coors light portrays the image to young adults that drinking Coors light is cool and socially acceptable. Because of this Coors light has a dominant market share amongst college students rather than Miller and Budweiser. In order to gain customer brand loyalty from most consumers Coors light always promotes or sponsors programs which are liked by consumers with different taste. Place (Distribution) Strategy: Molson Coors is always looking for new ways to communicate with its distribution channel. Recently in an attempt to increase sales Molson Coors has added more staff and applied more resources across the three largest channels Grocery Stores, Liquor Stores, and Convenience stores. Molson Coors also created a channel marketing team to develop customized promotions aimed at addressing each customers unique needs. Product Strategy: Molson Coors strategy as a whole is to provide high quality products using high-quality ingredients. In order to compete in the market a company has to always keep coming out with new products to evolve with the taste of the consumer. Molson Coors not only does that but also promises its consumers that the product is kept cold from packaging to delivery to retail. In the U. K the company introduced two new products called the Kasteel Cru, which is a fine imported lager brewed in Alsace France and C2 which is Carlings new 2 percent alcohol by volume lager. In the U. S Molson Coors introduced its new low-carb beer called Aspen Edge and to make Coors light more attractive now consumers can buy it in new 8 oz cans. Pricing Strategy: Molson Coors is trying to cut cost and provide more value to its share holders by planning on cutting down the advertising budget. Last year alone Molson Coors spend 300 million dollars on advertising. Another method which Molson Coors used to cut costs is by reducing the number of suppliers, and building more strategic value added relationship with their vendor-partners. Promotion Strategy: In order for a company to come out on top it has to attract its consumers through promotions and discounts. Molson Coors promotes its products by being involved in many charities as well as Non-Profitable programs such as the Deaf Awareness program, Alcohol program and policies such as 21 means 21. In Canada the company was involved in promoting an event called the Coors Light Trauma Tour which included music and action sports. In Puerto Rico the company is trying promote its product by being more involved in community programs. Pabst Blue Ribbon Beer Demographic: Pabst is one of the very few brewing companies that does not own a brewery. Instead it negotiates deals with other breweries such as Miller to brew its products while maintaining ownership and marketing rights of its brands. Pabst has a 3. 6% of the market share. Pabst Blue Ribbon is mostly popular amongst urban hipsters and this brand is being adopted by older generation X, and younger generation Y in Portland. In the U. S Pabst is starting to become more popular amongst professional and semi-professional snowboarders. Pabst is also being used by people who do gallery shows in order to portray and image that its time to get back to the basics. Overall Pabst uses a strategy which doesnt involve cash but it involves customer use of the product. Geographic: Pabst has about 3. 6% market share in the U. S and about 2. 5% market share in Portland. Amongst many brands Pabst Rainier beer is more successful in the northwest. Overall in the Unites States Pabst grew 25% more in 20 different states. Psychographic: Pabst which has history associated with its name is beer for older people. The beer is acquired more with taste and consumers who use to drink Pabst in the old days have started to drink it again making them bran-loyal. Behavioral: Pabst is also considered a blue-collared beer and is targeted towards blue-collared workers. Since Pabst is the oldest brand there is customer loyalty from the older baby boomers that drank it. Place (Distribution) Strategy: Now that Pabst is trying to increase its sales in the United States as well other countries it has created highly customized retailer specific programs. Pabst Blue Ribbon has also convinced a lot of important chain grocery stores to carry their product.. Product Strategy: Pabst lets its customer decide how they want their beer served. They havent done a package redesign in the last 10 years. The only change they have made in their product strategy is that they serve Pabst in bottles now. Pricing Strategy: Pabst was always known as the low cost beer. They keep their prices low by not spending money on advertisement; instead they let word of mouth do the job. Promotion Strategy: Pabst does very little promotions in order to cut cost and save money. Among the few promotions which they do have, they offer cash payments to rowdy bike messengers to drink their beer. Pabst is also trying to come out with new promotions in Portland because they see a substantial growth market there. Another way Pabst promotes is by giving away their beer free to those who use it as a advertising for their own retail shops. 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